Punic Period

146 B.C.

The fall of Carthage.

Ibiza made a pact with Rome after the fall of Carthage and obtained the greatest degree of autonomy allowable under Roman law.

Ibiza coinage was issued with the head of Tiberius, Caligula or Claudius on the reverse side, and on the obverse the figure of the god Bes.

The salt and mining industries continued, and industry and commerce were maintained.

Roman Period

70 A.D.

The Roman Emporer Vespasian grants Roman Law to all Hispanic peoples; Ibiza loses her autonomy, exchanging her confederate situation for that of a municipality.

IVth Century

Ibiza and Formentera become part of the Balearic province created by Theodosius around the Balearic Islands, (Ginnesias in Greek). Mallorca and Menorca

V th to XI th Centuries

425

The Vandal gunderic devastates the Balearics.

Ibiza and Formentera once again depend upon Carthage.

484

The Arian Vandal Huneric summons to Carthage the Catholic bishops, and among those who defend the Catholic Faith is Opilion, bishop of Ibiza.

535

Belisarius conquers the islands for the Byzantie Empire.

693

Islam seizes Carthage. The Arab invasions begin.

682-712

Theodoric defeats the Byzantine squadron.

This possibly marks the moment when the islands become incorporated into Visigothic Spain.

707

Abdallah, firstborn son of Muza, conquers Mallorca. A period of more than five centuries of assaults and changing powers begins.

798

Probable date of Charlemagne's rescue expedition. The Caliphate of Cordova, the Emirs of Denia, the Almoravids, the independent Dynasty of the AbenGanyas and the Almohades succeed each other in domination of the islands, against Arab incursions.

In the middle of the ninth century 300 of the Emir of Cordova's warships take control of the islands.

859

Invasion and devastation of the islands by the Normans.

901-902

The islands are finally annexed to Islam.

1087

A period of independence begins.

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